Reporte indirecto

Reportes indirectos

Por lo general cuando se reporta lo que dice una persona, no se utilizan las palabras exactas que este utilizo en su discurso, pero se nos informa de manera indirecta su discurso.

Existen diferentes estructuras dependiendo si se busca transformar una oración afirmativa, hacer una solicitud o una pregunta, por ejemplo:

Reportar ordenes: Es necesario realizar cambio de persona, y expresiones de tiempo

·         Ordenes positivas:

Father: "Do your homework."    àDiscurso directo

Padre: Has tu tarea

Father told me to do my homework.  àReporte indirecto

Mi padre me dijo que hiciera mi tarea.

·         Ordenes negativas

Teacher: "Don't talk to your neighbour."  àDiscurso directo

Profesor: No hables con tu vecino.

The teacher told me not to talk to my neighbour.  àReporte indirecto

El professor me dijo que no hablara con mi vecino.

Reportar preguntas: Al igual que en el reporte de ordenes es necesario ralizar cambios en la persona, y expresiones de tiempo.

·         Pregunta con si o no

Peter: "Do you play football?" àDiscurso directo
Pedro: Tu juegas futbol?
Peter asked me whether (if) I played football. àReporte indirecto
Pedro me pregunto si yo jugaba futbol

·         Preguntas con palabras de interrogacion

Peter: "When do you play football?" àDiscurso directo
Cuando tu juegas futbol?
Peter asked me when I played football. àReporte indirecto

Peter me pregunto cuando yo jugaba futbol.

Reporte de discurso, forma gramatical

·         Si la oracion se inicia en el presente , no hay retardo de los tiempos verbales en el discurso reportado.

Susan: "I work in an office."  àDiscurso directo

Susan:  Yo trabajo en una oficina

Susan says that she works in an office. àReporte indirecto

Susan dice que ella trabaja en una oficina.

De forma directaà A forma indirecta		Ejemplos
Simple present	Simple past	Peter: I work in the garden	Peter said that he worked in the garden
Simple past	Past perfect	Peter: I worked in the garden	Peter said that he had worked in the garden
Present perfect		Peter: I have worked in the garden
Past perfect		Peter: I had worked in the garden
Will	Would	Peter: I will work in the garden	Peter said that he would work in the garden
Can	Could	Peter: I can work in the garden	Peter said that he could work in the garden
Am/are/is	Was/were	Peter: I am working in the garden	Peter said that he was working in the garden
Was/were	Had been	Peter: I was working in the garden	Peter said that he had been working in the garden
Has been		Peter: I have been working in the garden
Had been		Peter: I had been working in the garden

De forma directaà A forma indirecta		Ejemplos
Simple present	Simple past	I learn the lesson	She said that she learned the lesson
Simple past	Past perfect	I learned the lesson	She said that she had learned the lesson
Present perfect		I have learned the lesson
Past perfect		I had learned the lesson
Will	Would	I will learn the lesson	She said that she would learn the lesson
Can	Could	I can learn the lesson	She said that she could learn the lesson
Am/are/is	Was/were	I am learning the lesson	She said that she was learning the lesson
Was/were	Had been	I was learing the lesson	She said that she had been learning the lesson
Has been		I have been learning the lesson
Had been		I had been learning the lesson

Si la oracion contiene una expresión de tiempo, debe cambiarse también.

Peter: "I worked in the garden yesterday."  àDiscurso directo
Peter said that he had worked in the garden the day before. àReporte indirecto

This (evening)	That (evening)
Today/this day	that day
These (days)	Those (days)
Now	Then
(a week) ago	(a week) before
Last weekend	The weekend before/ the previous weekend
Here	There
Next(week)	The following (week)
Tomorrow	The next/ following day